Discussion on construction quality management of steel structure engineering
2020-05-10 21:21:12
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Steel structure engineering is increasingly widely used in the construction field. The quality of its construction directly affects the safe use of the engineering structure. How to install and control the construction quality of the steel structure components is particularly important. This article is based on my own practical experience and work experience in recent years, the author will talk about some views on the construction quality management during the construction of the steel structure project, and intends to discuss the construction management of the steel structure project. Correct me.
1、Development prospects of steel structure engineering
Steel structure project has many advantages such as high strength, good toughness, good structural performance, low cost, fast construction speed, can greatly reduce field operations, and has a short construction period. Because of its advantages of large structural span, light weight and convenient installation, it is widely used in steel structure industrial plants, large public high-rise buildings, residential quarters, business centers, bridge projects, etc. Compared with other structural brick-concrete structures and concrete structures, It has unparalleled unique advantages in terms of use function, design, construction, and comprehensive economy. The Dalian Ocean Building (201m high, 51 floors) completed in 1998 marked the beginning of the localization of high-rise steel structure buildings. Shenzhen SEG Plaza (291.6m, 72 floors) was the tallest concrete-filled steel tube structure in the world at that time. Kaiyuan Garden, the iconic steel structure group of Shijiazhuang built in 2006, is the largest CBD business center of steel structure in Hebei Province. Designed by Beijing Cybex Architectural Design Co., Ltd. in 2008, Wuhan ’s largest all-steel residential area-"Baosteel- The Cyberport Golden Port "Affordable Housing Project" broke ground in Hanyang. China currently has sufficient steel raw materials and is a major steel country in the world. Starting from the advanced concepts of green, environmental protection, recyclability and sustainable development, we should encourage the development of steel structure construction. This is China and local governments, steel industry associations, societies, steel The historical responsibilities of structural industries and related industries and enterprises. The steel structure building system will surely be the leader in the future construction field. The steel structure industry will also be a very rising industry.
2、Preparations before construction
1. Formation of project team personnel
The pros and cons of the project team is crucial to the success or failure of the project construction management. First of all, we must choose the experienced technical, safety and management personnel to enrich the project team. This work needs to be carried out before drawing review and construction organization design review. Supervise and manage project quality, schedule and cost control.
The main technical personnel must know the current national regulations, standards and drawings related to the project. For example, GB-50017-2003 "Code for Design of Steel Structures", CECS102: 2002 Technical Specification for Steel Structures of Portal Rigid Frame Light Houses, GB-50205-2001 "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Steel Structures", CECS261-2009 "Steel Structure Housing Design Regulations, JGJ209-2010 "Technical Regulations for Lightweight Steel Structure Residences", (JCJ81-91) "Construction Welding Specifications for Steel Structures", etc. I will not repeat them one by one. The author has dozens of kinds of data storage and reading in this respect.
The main technical staff should also have rich practical management experience and successful cases. He has served as the project technical person in charge or independently reviewed and prepared drawings and technical plans.
Other relevant key personnel should also be familiar with the current national norms and standards, have rich practical management experience, and successful operation cases.
2. Strengthen the review of construction drawings
Drawings are the basis of project construction. Before the start of the project, the main personnel of the project are familiar with the engineering drawings and project-related specifications, technological conditions, and fully understand the design intent. Check the construction drawings for "wrong, missing, bumping, missing", summarize all the problems and submit them to the construction unit, and ask the design staff to make clear at the design briefing meeting or drawing meeting. Strive to solve the problem before construction and reduce the impact of drawing problems on project quality and schedule. On this basis, formulate more practical and feasible project management implementation rules.
3. Carefully review the organization design (or construction plan) of steel structure fabrication and installation.
Construction organization design is a technical document that the construction unit comprehensively guides the implementation of the project. Construction organization design (or construction plan) is a technical document that the construction unit comprehensively directs the implementation of the project. Targeted and focused. The focus of the review:
Review the construction organization design (plan) and put forward review opinions. The following points should be paid attention to: review whether the construction deployment in the construction organization design, the establishment of the quality assurance system and the technical management system are reasonable, and whether the main construction methods are reasonable and feasible; whether the safety technical measures in the organization design (plan) are practical and feasible; the structure installation Special safety plan should be prepared; measures and methods for quality, schedule, cost control; construction organization design (plan) preparation content should be complete; construction plan (term), construction site layout arrangement; construction unit editing, review, approval procedures Be complete.
3. The quality acceptance of steel components is very important
1, material inspection
1) The construction unit is required to list the material inspection list, indicating the specification model, quantity, manufacturer, certificate number, re-inspection certificate number, etc., to check whether the inspection materials are complete and the quantity is sufficient.
2) Steel material list (original); non-destructive testing report (original). The steel re-inspection report form required by the specification.
3) Establish a material account to facilitate checking whether all materials of the project are complete and complete.
2. Re-inspection of connection materials
Mainly includes: welding materials; high strength bolts, etc.
3. In addition to the geometric dimensions and external dimensions of the components, we will check whether the position of the connecting plate conforms to the design drawings, and the steel components are shipped from the factory to check the quality of the components (such as warping and deformation of the components, and damage and deformation of the joint plate , The surface treatment of the friction surface, the appearance quality of the weld, the corrosion of the surface of the component, etc.). Check the surface of the steel structure should be clean, and the main surface of the structure should be free of welding scars, mud and other dirt.
4、Quality control during on-site installation
1、The foundation should be checked and accepted before the steel structure is installed
Organize civil engineering and steel structure installation units for intermediate handover acceptance. After acceptance, the steel structure installation unit is required to conduct retesting. The foundation strength before installation of the steel structure shall meet the design requirements. First of all, the positioning axis, foundation axis and elevation of the building, the location, center and specifications of the anchor bolts should be reviewed to see if they meet the design requirements of the drawings. The embedded quality of anchor bolts directly affects the installation quality of the steel structure.
2. Installation quality control
1) Installation accuracy and quality control
Before installation, the dimensions and models of steel columns, steel beams, crane beams and other components should be checked. After installation, the theodolite, level, total station, suspension wire and other tools should be used to conduct on-site spot checks for installation accuracy. The process of making and installing steel structures In the process, the "precision control" should be the main method, mainly checking whether the center of the foot base is offset from the positioning axis, the elevation at the column shoulder beam, the verticality of the column, the elevation of the column top, the verticality of the roof truss, etc. Within the deviation. The installation deviation, the verticality of the main structure and the overall plane bending inspection should be carried out after the structure forms the spatial rigidity unit and is connected and fixed. After passing the acceptance, the anchor bolts shall be tightened in time, and the space of the column bottom plate and the top surface of the foundation shall be densely filled with secondary expansion concrete. It should meet the current relevant national standards and design requirements.
2) Installation node quality control
A Welding project strictly conducts weld quality and appearance inspection and weld size measurement; supervisor promotes non-destructive testing.
B For high-strength bolt connections, focus on controlling the friction surface treatment (sandblasting) of the bolt connection, the anti-slip coefficient of the friction surface, the order of the bolt connection vices, the torque values of the initial screw, final screw, and screw, the exposed value of the screw thread .
C The test and inspection of the project must adhere to the witness system of sampling and inspection, to ensure that the requirements of the "master control project" specified in the specification are met.
5、Derusting and painting quality control of steel structure
The derusting and painting of steel structure is a task that is easily overlooked by steel structure contractors, and it is also a weak link in the construction of steel structure projects. The derusting and coating quality of steel components should be strictly inspected according to the design requirements to ensure that the coating quality meets the specifications and standards.
2) Quality control of steel component installation. When installing columns and beams, check whether the shim under the column floor is solid and flat, whether the column is vertical and whether there is displacement, and the verticality and lateral bending height of the primary and secondary beams. When the steel structure is installed to form a space fixing unit, and finally, the steel structure is also checked.
６、Construction site safety control
On-site construction must have a construction plan with approved safety technical measures, and meet the requirements of mandatory standards. Check whether the construction unit complies with daily safety regulations.
７、Acceptance quality control
According to the acceptance standard GB50205-2001 stipulated in the inspection batch qualification standards for acceptance, divided into foundation anchors
The main control items must meet the acceptance criteria of the acceptance code for the acceptance of the plug, the main body and other parts. The inspection results of general projects should have 80% or more of the inspection points (values) that meet the requirements of the acceptance criteria of the acceptance code, and the maximum value should not exceed 1.2 times the allowable deviation, the quality inspection records, quality certification documents and other information should be complete.
References:
1. Practical steel construction manual Shanghai Science and Technology Press Published in July 2009
2, GB-50205-2001 "Code for Construction Quality Acceptance of Steel Structure"
3. Taboo Handbook for Construction of Steel Structure Engineering Machinery Industry Press Published in January 2006
