Problems and strategies of building structure design
2020-05-10 17:57:14
Share
Buildings are places where people live and work. With the rapid development of China's economy and society, the process of urbanization is accelerating, and China's construction industry is also constantly developing and improving. In the process of building construction, there are still certain problems and deficiencies. Therefore, the staff of relevant departments should study these problems and deficiencies, formulate corresponding solutions, and improve the quality and level of building structure design work.
1、Relevant principles of architectural structure design
1.1Structural design rationality principle
To ensure that the safety and quality of the construction project and the final effect meet the requirements, the design work of the construction project must first be done to ensure the rationality of the design work of the construction project. This requires that the relevant staff should The basic information of the construction project was investigated to understand the basic information such as earthquake fortification, grouping, wind and snow load values and soil quality of the construction site in this area. On this basis, construction engineering design work was carried out to ensure that the design was reasonable.
1.2Structural design efficiency principle
For civil engineering projects, first of all, we must do a good job of designing the chart of the building. In the process of designing building charts, do a good job in the preliminary investigation, including the investigation of some relevant data. After the investigation, the relevant design staff should analyze and study the investigation data to ensure the efficiency of the civil engineering project design work.
1.3Structural design integrity principle
In the process of designing a construction project, the design staff may overlook some problems, leading to problems in the overall design plan. In view of this situation, the relevant staff must have a certain understanding of the basic situation of the construction project before carrying out the design work. Understanding, to ensure the integrity of the design work, especially some details that are easily overlooked, fully consider in the process of design work, as far as possible to avoid incomplete design and system due to some details.
1.4The importance of structural design
For buildings, the most important part is the foundation part of the building, which is the basic work of the entire building. Therefore, when designing a construction project, special attention should be paid to the foundation part, and the relevant staff must ensure that the building The stability of the foundation. But at present, there are still many problems and deficiencies in the foundation stability of construction engineering projects. When the construction team of many construction engineering projects is carrying out foundation construction, they have not strictly followed the design scheme of the construction engineering project, which will cause construction engineering The stability of the project foundation does not meet the standard requirements, which is not conducive to the follow-up construction work, and may even cause safety problems during the subsequent construction process or the use of the building. There are also some design staff of construction engineering projects who only carry out basic design work based on some related software when designing, which makes relevant design staff do not have an in-depth understanding of the basic situation of civil engineering construction projects. The foundation work of this civil engineering construction project cannot be guaranteed to meet the standard requirements, which brings certain difficulties to the subsequent construction work. For construction projects, in addition to foundation is the basic work of construction projects, design drawings are also a very important work content. In construction projects, drawings play an important role in guiding the progress of each construction work, therefore, occupy an important position in construction projects. However, in fact, the construction teams of many construction projects do not pay enough attention to the design of civil engineering construction drawings, and there are many problems and deficiencies in the actual design work process, so that the quality of the designed drawings cannot be guaranteed to meet the standard requirements. It will also have a certain impact on the subsequent construction work. In addition, the design staff of each engineering project is different, and the working level and professional level of each design staff are also different. Then, when carrying out the design work of the engineering construction project, there will be differences, which cannot guarantee the design. The completeness, systematicness and scientificity of drawings. Moreover, when reviewing the designed drawings, the quality of the review work cannot be guaranteed, but only in a form. In this case, the role of the review work cannot be played, which will seriously affect the overall quality of the construction project.
2、Analysis of common problems in structural design of civil engineering buildings
Take the vertical cross-linked cable workshop of Yichang Federal Cable Co., Ltd. as an example: the building is located in Gonglian Village, Xiaoting District, Yichang City, Hubei Province (the northeast side of the field is closely connected to 318 National Road, and the northwest side is the newly built Pioneer South Road). The area is 24995.56m2, the plane size is 30m × 36m, the shear wall structure, the second basement is a box-shaped foundation, and the floor height is 5.00m; the ground floor is the entrance and take-up steering equipment room, the floor height is 7.0m; And take-up and turning equipment room, storey height 8.0m; 2 to 18 storeys are material storage rooms, storey heights 8.0m and 7.0m; 19 storeys are production equipment rooms, storey height 7.0m; 20 to 23 storeys It is the tractor, feeding room and sightseeing floor, with a height of 7.0m and 6.0m; the machine room floor, with a height of 3.0m. Building height: 162.300m. According to the applicable height of the shear wall (all floor shear walls) structure houses: greater than the A-level height limit (140m) and less than the B-level height limit (170m), the construction height of the project is 162.30m, which is a height exceeding the limit. The seismic fortification intensity is 6 degrees (0.05g), and the design earthquakes are grouped into the first group. Seismic fortification category: standard fortification category (category C). Specifically shown in Figure 1. For the height of the building exceeding the height specified in the "Technical Regulations for Concrete Structures of High-Rise Buildings", the seismic strengthening measures adopted are as follows. First, the bottom of the reinforced structure is embedded and fixed, and the underground two-layer shear wall and the raft and floor slab form a box-shaped system (see Figure 2). Second, strictly control the period ratio of buildings, as shown in Table 1. Third, strengthen the maximum displacement angle control of the structure, as shown in Table 2. Fourth, increase the seismic level of the structure by one level and design according to the seismic level two to enhance the overall seismic performance and overall stability of the building. Fifth, the longitudinal and transverse shear walls constitute a concrete cylinder, and the openings of each layer of shear walls are aligned up and down. This can effectively reduce the overall rigidity of the building, so that the displacement between floors will not be too small. Based on the analysis of the above calculation results, the period of the building and the maximum inter-story displacement both satisfactorily meet the specifications. Although the height of the building exceeds the limit, the overall calculation results of the building meet the relevant requirements of the code through the control of the period and the maximum interlayer displacement.
3、Conclusion
With China's economic and social development and progress, the urbanization process is accelerating, and the construction industry is also developing, and the competition between the markets is becoming more and more fierce. Therefore, if you want to continue to develop steadily in the highly competitive market environment for a long time, you must To do a good job in the structural design of construction projects, relevant departments should regularly train design staff to improve the professional level and comprehensive quality of design staff. In addition, they must increase the review of design drawings to ensure design Work quality.
